From Science Daily an excellent summary of what evolution is and how it works

Evolution

In biology, evolution is the change in the inherited traits of a population from generation to generation.

These traits are the expression of genes that are copied and passed on to offspring during reproduction.

Mutations in these genes can produce new or altered traits, resulting in heritable differences (genetic variation) between organisms.

New traits can also come from transfer of genes between populations, as in migration, or between species, in horizontal gene transfer.

Evolution occurs when these heritable differences become more common or rare in a population, either non-randomly through natural selection or randomly through genetic drift.

Natural selection is a process that causes heritable traits that are helpful for survival and reproduction to become more common, and harmful traits to become more rare.

This occurs because organisms with advantageous traits pass on more copies of these heritable traits to the next generation.

Over many generations, adaptations occur through a combination of successive, small, random changes in traits, and natural selection of those variants best-suited for their environment.

In contrast, genetic drift produces random changes in the frequency of traits in a population.

Genetic drift arises from the role chance plays in whether a given individual will survive and reproduce.

One definition of a species is a group of organisms that can reproduce with one another and produce fertile offspring.

However, when a species is separated into populations that are prevented from interbreeding, mutations, genetic drift, and the selection of novel traits cause the accumulation of differences over generations and the emergence of new species.

The similarities between organisms suggest that all known species are descended from a common ancestor (or ancestral gene pool) through this process of gradual divergence.

The theory of evolution by natural selection was proposed roughly simultaneously by both Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace, and set out in detail in Darwin's 1859 book On the Origin of Species.

In the 1930s, Darwinian natural selection was combined with Mendelian inheritance to form the modern evolutionary synthesis, in which the connection between the units of evolution (genes) and the mechanism of evolution (natural selection) was made.

This powerful explanatory and predictive theory has become the central organizing principle of modern biology, providing a unifying explanation for the diversity of life on Earth.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/evolution.htm

"The idea that species gradually change over many generations is the cornerstone of biology. This is how we know it's true."

This is for the know-nothing science deniers, a copy and paste job from BBC News:

Evolution is one of the greatest theories in all of science. It sets out to explain life: specifically, how the first simple life gave rise to all the huge diversity we see today, from bacteria to oak trees to blue whales.

For scientists, evolution is a fact. We know that life evolved with the same certainty that we know the Earth is roughly spherical, that gravity keeps us on it, and that wasps at a picnic are annoying.

Not that you would know that from the media in some countries, where evolution is ferociously argued about – put down as "just a theory" or dismissed as a flat-out lie.

Why are biologists so certain about this? What is the evidence? The short answer is that there is so much it's hard to know where to start. But here is a very cursory summary of the evidence that life has, indeed, evolved.

The rest of it is here: http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20150803-how-do-we-know-evolution-is-real

"Not that you would know that from the media in some countries, where evolution is ferociously argued about – put down as 'just a theory' or dismissed as a flat-out lie."

Those backwords countries include Idiot America where I live. This country is infested with dense people who are afraid of science. Reality makes them cry.

This makes sense to me: Chess skill is linked to intelligence.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/09/160913124722.htm This also has links to other ScienceDaily articles about chess.

How did life get a foothold on Earth almost four billion years ago? Here's an idea from ScienceDaily.

Protein-like structures from the primordial soup

The scientists performed an experiment to demonstrate that it is remarkably easy for such amyloid structures to assemble spontaneously from building blocks that existed on the prebiotic Earth, and under reaction conditions that also seem plausible for the primeval era. The scientists used four simple amino acids as starting materials: glycine, alanine, aspartate and valine. In addition, they used carbonyl sulphide as a catalyst for the reaction. This volcanic gas is also likely to have existed in the atmosphere billions of years ago.

PBS NEWS February 27, 2016: Saudi court sentences man to 10 years, 2,000 lashes for atheist tweets

http://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/saudi-court-sentences-man-to-10-years-2000-lashes-for-atheist-tweets/

A court in Saudi Arabia has handed down a guilty verdict in the case of a professed atheist accused of posting hundreds of tweets denying God’s existence and criticizing religion.

His sentence: a decade in prison, a fine and a flogging.

According to a Saturday report in the Saudi newspaper Al-Watan, the Commission for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice — the Saudi religious police force whose duties include monitoring social media — found more than 600 tweets posted by an unnamed 28-year-old dissenter.

According to the report, the man refused to repent for the tweets and said that he had the right to assert his opinions.

In addition to the 10-year prison term, the court sentenced him to pay 20,000 riyals — about $5,330 — and receive a beating consisting of 2,000 lashes. Such floggings are generally broken up into weekly bouts of 50 lashings each and administered according to specific guidelines.

The legal basis of the court’s decision is a series of Interior Ministry regulations introduced in 2014 under the late Saudi King Abdullah.

The laws ostensibly seek to combat terrorism, but also allow authorities “to criminalize virtually any expression or association critical of the government and its understanding of Islam,” according to the New York-based advocacy group Human Rights Watch.

These regulations contain provisions — including one that criminalizes “calling for atheist thought in any form, or calling into question the fundamentals of the Islamic religion on which this country is based” — that Human Rights Watch says have been used to silence activists and peaceful dissidents.

Atheism is a taboo subject in Saudi Arabia, where the government derives legitimacy from its adherence to an ultraconservative form of Islam, but a 2012 WIN/Gallup International poll found that 5 percent of Saudi respondents described themselves as atheists, and anecdotal reports suggest that unbelief may be on the rise in the kingdom.

SEPTEMBER 11, 2001, EXACTLY 15 YEARS AGO, MUSLIM ASSHOLES MURDERED 3,000 AMERICANS IN ONE DAY. IF YOU'RE A MUSLIM GET OFF MY PLANET YOU FUCKING RETARD.

TWO VIDEOS OF THE TWO TOWERS COLLAPSING.
https://whyevolutionistrue.wordpress.com/2016/09/11/sunday-hili-dialogue-133/

Darwin killed God. I explained why at Yahoo Answers.

"Why are some theists very dishonest about science? Where does this idea that if the science is true then there absolutely cannot be a god? Evolution is real, it's testable, measurable, observable and very much a part of every living thing on this planet. So what. It does not disprove or prove god in anyway." 

You're right about everything you wrote. However science, especially evolutionary biology, has repeatedly removed hiding places for the god of the gaps. A god fairy who never had anything to do is a fairy that doesn't exist. 

My point is Darwin killed the moronic god fantasy. If the fairy's magical powers were not necessary for something as complex as the development of new species, then it's ridiculous to pretend it was necessary for anything else.

https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20160908003331AAZ3aPE&sort=R

What I wrote at chess.com about the evidence for evolution and the Christian retards who deny it.

The Science of Evolution (no politics or religion)

Big brother is watching so we must obey. This must be what it's like in North Korea.

Since big brother is watching maybe he should know it will be so nice if my spell check worked on this website which is the only website where it doesn't work. Or is that too hard to fix?

Totally on topic:

It's interesting that the country I live in (Idiot America) is infested with millions of evolution deniers. I'm not sure what their problem is but I noticed they know virtually nothing about the science they don't like.

I am convinced evolution by natural selection is the strongest fact of science. The best encyclopedia in the world agrees with me.

"There is probably no other notion in any field of science that has been as extensively tested and as thoroughly corroborated as the evolutionary origin of living organisms." -- Encyclopedia Britannica

It backs up what they wrote with overwhelming and undeniable powerful evidence:

https://www.britannica.com/science/evolution-scientific-theory

The evolution deniers want to throw all that hard-earned human knowlege in the garbage.

If this comment has any spelling errors it's not my fault. My spell check should work here but it doesn't work at all. Maybe chess.com should stop spending so much time spying on us and do something to fix their problems.

https://www.chess.com/forum/view/off-topic/the-science-of-evolution-no-politics-or-religion?page=191

Lots of stuff I wrote for a lady about investing in the stock market. There was no "thank you". This is typical. People are assholes.

Never mind.

Saudi Arabia sentences a man to 10 years in jail and 2,000 lashes for tweeting that he was an atheist.

https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/1701609/saudi-arabia-sentences-a-man-to-10-years-in-jail-and-2000-lashes-for-tweeting-that-he-was-an-atheist/

Fantastic good news for AT&T. Moody's changed their outlook from negative to stable. This was the one thing I was worried about but now everything is OK.

Rating Action:
Moody's affirms AT&T's Baa1 rating; changes outlook to stable
Global Credit Research - 29 Aug 2016

New York, August 29, 2016 -- Moody's Investors Service, ("Moody's") has affirmed the Baa1 senior unsecured rating and Prime-2 commercial paper rating of AT&T Inc. ("AT&T" or "the company") and changed the outlook to stable from negative based on its improved fundamental credit profile. The key drivers of the outlook change are AT&T's progress with and outlook for cost savings benefits and a more stable wireless subscriber base.

The stable outlook reflects Moody's view that AT&T will continue to grow EBITDA and improve margins such that leverage declines from 3.1x (Moody's adjusted) as of June 30 to below 3x within 12-18 months. Moody's projects AT&T's leverage will remain near or slightly above 3.0x (Moody's adjusted) for 2016, the limit identified for its Baa1 rating, but anticipates leverage to decline as synergies and cost savings initiatives become fully realized. AT&T's wireless subscriber base has stabilized as it continues to grow its Cricket prepaid brand faster than it loses post-paid feature phone subscribers. Branded phone subscribers have grown each of the last three quarters, despite intense competition. These positives are offset by Moody's belief that AT&T's cash flows will continue to be pressured as the company requires additional capital to support ongoing investments. But, the majority of the negative cash flow effect of equipment installment plans (EIPs) is behind AT&T and its current spectrum holdings allow it to be selective in the ongoing incentive auction.

Sean B. Carroll wrote about science deniers in "The Making of the Fittest: DNA and the Ultimate Forensic Record of Evolution":

Sean B. Carroll wrote about science deniers in "The Making of the Fittest: DNA and the Ultimate Forensic Record of Evolution":

"For all of those who do see the overwhelming evidence of natural selection and life's descent from ancestors, and the immense span of time over which the story of life unfolded, it is, to put it mildly, baffling how so many still do not. It is absolutely astonishing and often infuriating that some take it so far as to deny the immense foundation of evidence and to slander all the human achievement that foundation represents."

Lucy fell out of tree 3.2 million years ago.

http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-37194764

http://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/30/science/lucy-hominid-fossils-fall.html

A fucking moron at chess.com copied and pasted bullshit from Answers in stupidity.

• "At least one of you managed to find my source."

  Answers in Genesis. "What Does the Bible Say about the Origin of Birds?

  You copied and pasted your insane nonsense from an extremely anti-science website. These people claim that the entire universe is 6,000 years old.

  Next time provide a link so we know what insane website you used to sell your anti-science fantasies.

  I'm curious. Have you ever considered the advantages of growing up, educating yourself, and facing facts? Instead of making yourself a laughing stock.
• 
  a few minutes ago · Quote · #3453
  Elroch 
  It's funny how with a good dose of religion, people who would have no chance of getting on a biology PhD program suddenly regard themselves as experts who can tell real experts whose work they lack the knowledge to understand that they are wrong. Science denialist websites are full of people who are better qualified to argue about soap operas.
• 
  a few minutes ago · Quote · Edit · Delete · #3454
  alex-rodriguez 
  Twpsyn, you have repeatedly shown everything you write is totally wrong. It's too late now. You can't fix your problem. Everyone now knows you copy and paste from the most insane and most ridiculous website in the entire history of the internet.

  https://www.chess.com/forum/view/off-topic/the-science-of-evolution-no-politics-or-religion?page=173

I fear I might get in trouble for this one.

All The Reasons We Hate V3!

Where I play chess there is only one version and it works and it's totally free and there are no ads and everyone loves it.

Free stockfish analysis after the game. It's takes about one minute to see it and it's the best there is on the internet.

I can see the games I played several years ago and that's free. There is tons of other excellent stuff, all free.

But you people would rather spend money on an inferior product.

Notice I didn't say where I play chess because freedom of speech makes chess.com cry.

https://www.chess.com/forum/view/suggestions/all-the-reasons-we-hate-v3?page=31

I was right. I just got this message from those incompetent stupid assholes:
"Chess.com has a policy about not comparing our web site with our competitors: as you seem to do very little other than such comparisons, this is your first and last warning - any more such posts will result in the muting of your account here on Chess.com."

See what I wrote here:
https://www.reddit.com/r/chess/comments/5048e7/i_lost_to_a_cheater_and_lichess_gave_me_the/?sort=new

Evolution by natural selection is the strongest face of science, supported by DNA sequencing, embryology, and the other stuff listed below. This Wikipedia stuff is huge and there are numerous links to more information.

GOOGLE SEARCH - WIKIPEDIA EVIDENCE FOR EVOLUTION
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evidence_of_common_descent
Contents [hide]
1Evidence from comparative physiology and biochemistry
1.1Genetics
1.2Specific examples from comparative physiology and biochemistry
2Evidence from comparative anatomy
2.1Atavisms
2.2Evolutionary developmental biology and embryonic development
2.3Homologous structures and divergent (adaptive) evolution
2.4Nested hierarchies and classification
2.5Vestigial structures
2.6Specific examples from comparative anatomy
3Evidence from paleontology
3.1Fossil record
3.2Limitations
3.3Specific examples from paleontology
4Evidence from biogeography
4.1Continental distribution
4.2Island biogeography
4.3Rings species
4.4Specific examples from biogeography
5Evidence from selection
5.1Artificial selection and experimental evolution
5.2Specific examples from selection: invertebrates
5.3Specific examples from selection: microbes
5.4Specific examples from selection: plants and fungi
5.5Specific examples from selection: vertebrates
6Evidence from speciation
6.1Specific examples from speciation: fossils
6.2Specific examples from speciation: invertebrates
6.3Specific examples from speciation: plants
6.4Specific examples from speciation: vertebrates
7Evidence from mathematic modeling
7.1Specific examples from mathematic modeling
8See also
9References
10Further reading
11External links

My Amazon review of the 8th and last Harry Potter book.

5.0 out of 5 stars If you read the 1st 7 Harry Potter books you know you have to buy this one.

August 23, 2016
Format: Hardcover|Verified Purchase
Before reading this excellent book I suggest read the 7 other books. I read those 7 books twice. I was concerned about the format, it's a play, but I quickly learned to like it. It was easy to pretend I was watching the play. J.K. Rowling has again created a masterpiece. I usually read books at a very slow pace but this book I could not put down. It was about time travel which made it like science fiction and for me that's a good thing. If you have read the 1st 7 books you have to read this one. You don't have any choice and you know it.

A comment I wrote at the WSJ that was vaporized. The WSJ censors are fucking idiots.

“Varicose veins tend to be hereditary and due to age or obesity,” he says.

I noticed there is a lot of obesity in America. This has to be the fattest country on the planet. I saw one airhead today who had to weigh at least 600 pounds. Imagine how much cake she shoves into her fat face every day.

http://www.wsj.com/articles/is-sitting-cross-legged-bad-for-you-1471893740

What somebody wrote about African Americans.

Why do black people keep acting the way they do? Don't they ever get tired?

Pull your fucking pants up and buy a $5 belt. Learn to speak English. Quit drinking and doping. Stop listening to crap music on full blast every day. Stop raping and robbing. Get rid of the cornrows, dreadlocks, bling, gold teefs, and 25" rims and don't dress in orange and purple. Quit blowing your money on toys when you need food. Do what the cop tells you, even if you don't like it. That's what respect for authority means. Pick up a book. Sit your äss down and study. Stop complaining about everything. We're all sick to death of your whining, we just don't speak up. Just try to be normal humans. Is that so hard?

https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20160816092423AAXeC1q

8/9/2016: What I wrote at Lichess.org: https://en.lichess.org/forum/general-chess-discussion/i-dont-know-what-to-do-here?page=2

BobC3 hours ago#12

"Sorry for my bad english"

You speak English better than most Americans.

"Hello, I just started playing chess, and I find this game so fascinating. I don't know where to begin studying. I play just 1. e4 e5 and I usually lose."

Welcome to the most fantastic game ever invented. And congratulations for finding Lichess.org, the best place on the internet for playing chess.

How to improve your game? I suggest be lazy like I am. I just play games and whether I win or lose I study the lichess computer analysis to find out what I did wrong. Using this method I have been able to improve all 3 phases of my game, the opening, the middle game, and the ending.

Another idea is you could study the games of the strongest players here. Or you could just watch their games on Lichess TV. I suggest watch the slower time controls because there will be less mistakes.

Losing is not a bad thing because that's how you learn. However for some reason I prefer winning.

BobC3 hours ago#13

One more thing. I suggest play only rated games. It's a good way to keep track of your progress.

Also, at your level I suggest never resign. Your opponent could make a mistake and you could win or get a draw, and if you lose you can learn how they finish the game.

BobC3 hours ago#14

"I'm currently playing a lot of 15+2, is that ok?"

That's perfect. I suggest stay with that.

I prefer 10/0 but I have a bit more experience. I started playing chess in 1961 when I was 12 years old.

martinoperin2 hours ago#15

@avonm "i'd suggest a slower time control" I know, you're probably right, I will try out also slower time controls. Thanks for the reply
@BobC Thanks for all the suggestions, man, you are awesome. I'll start playing also rated games now :D

LIST OF DIVIDEND ARISTOCRATS SOMEONE RECOMMENDED IN JULY 2016.

CHD, CL, CVS, K, MO, PEP, PG, PM, BCR, BDX, DGX, DVA, HSIC, JNJ, LH, MDT, SYK, TMO, UNH, ZBH, AFL, AON, MMC, TMK, CTAS, DHR, HON, ITW, LMT, MMM, NLSN, RSG, RTN, UPS, VRSK, WM, XYL, CMCSA, MCD, OMC, ADP, APH, EMC, MA, T, VZ, ECL, PX

T, ABBV, AFL, TGT

What I wrote at the WSJ on 6//17/2016 at http://www.wsj.com/articles/a-swimming-pool-in-the-icu-1466117000

Mr. Kozberg, I betting we agree about virtually everything except the existence of a magic god fairy. My point is you have my respect.

You said you are a chaplain which means you are part of the religion industry. This reminds me of one of my favorite quotes (collecting famous quotes is one of my hobbies).

"It is difficult to get a man to understand something, when his salary depends on his not understanding it.” -- Upton Sinclair

I noticed you also like quotes for example “For those who believe, no proof is necessary. For those who don't believe, no proof is possible.” ― Stuart Chase

This thing "no proof is necessary" is the problem. When scientists have an idea that has zero evidence and no evidence is found, that idea gets thrown out.

I have a lot of time on my hands since I retired so I would like to explain why I don't buy the god stuff. Please see my next comment.

-------------------------------------------------------

I was a brainwashed Catholic. However I was perhaps the only student in a class (where an ugly nun spent an hour telling us children why we were all going to hell) who thought the nun was insane. I had to tell a friend of mine who was worried about it - the nun was full of it.

But still I bought the other Catholic stuff. What changed my mind was when our pastor, two Sundays in a row, spent the entire sermon explaining why we had to donate more of our hard earned money to the wealthy Vatican. I always looked forward to the sermons but this changed everything. I realized religion is a business and the customers are suckers.

Because the brainwashing was extremely intense it took me a few years to be 100% certain the god fairy is not real. Now I get it. God is just another word for magic. Magic is not real therefore magical beings are impossible.

That's how simple it is. It's not necessary to a write a book about it for the same reason it's not necessary to write a book about why the Easter Bunny is not real.

Beside the obvious fact that magic is not real, there is the science. Scientists have repeatedly chased the god of the gaps out of its hiding places. It's obvious this will never end. While there will always be gaps in human knowledge, it's ridiculous to pretend anything was a magical event.

http://www.wsj.com/articles/a-swimming-pool-in-the-icu-1466117000

I might buy some of this stuff. Notice that the percentages are not about the dividends. It's about how much of this person's stuff was bought.

Company Name	Symbol	% Weighting
Wells Fargo	WFC	5.14%
Intl Bus. Machines	IBM	4.37%
Coca-Cola Co	KO	4.21%
Pepsico Inc	PEP	3.94%
Johnson & Johnson	JNJ	3.64%
Wal-Mart Stores	WMT	3.53%
Procter & Gamble	PG	3.47%
Chevron Corp	CVX	3.38%
Mcdonald's Corp	MCD	3.25%
Abbott Laboratories	ABT	3.07%
Exxon Mobil	XOM	3.05%
United Technologies	UTX	3.01%
3m Co	MMM	2.62%
Caterpillar Inc	CAT	2.07%
Colgate-Palmolive	CL	2.01%
State Street Corp	STT	1.89%
Medtronic, Inc	MDT	1.85%
Aflac Inc	AFL	1.76%
Target Corp	TGT	1.72%
Lowe's Cos	LOW	1.64%
Emerson Electric	EMR	1.53%
Walgreen Co	WAG	1.45%
Franklin Resources	BEN	1.35%
Kimberly-Clark	KMB	1.19%
Genl Dynamics	GD	1.17%
Praxair Inc	PX	1.12%
Illinois Tool Works	ITW	1.07%
FPL Group Inc	FPL	1.07%
Automatic Data Proc	ADP	1.03%
Danaher Corp	DHR	1.02%
Chubb Corp	CB	1.00%

http://www.wikinvest.com/index/Mergent_Dividend_Achievers_Select_index_(DVG)

What I wrote about a creationist retard at chess.com

paulgregoryIV wrote:

Pawnkreeper gives me the creeps. That is one sick dude.

What makes him so disgusting is he has no desire to learn anything. For me education is for life. I want to learn all I can about how the world works. The science denier goes out of his way to know nothing. All science deniers have this problem. It's called willful ignorance.

It would not kill the flat-earthers to read Why Evolution is True by Jerry Coyne but they will never do that. They can't even be bothered to watch a video about the subject. And if they ever did read a book that explains some of the countless thousands of evidences for evolution they would make no effort to understand. Instead they would look for imaginary problems.

These science deniers call themselves creationists because they believe every species was magically created out of nothing. These people live in a everything-is-magic fantasy land. It's an incurable mental illness.

Biologists can determine evolutionary relationships with extreme accuracy when they compare DNA sequences of different living species. The science deniers know nothing about this. They don't have any idea how much science they have to throw out to believe in their magical nonsense.

https://hardcoreatheism.blogspot.com

Poachers need to be killed on sight. Their corpse should be hung from trees to help other assholes understand.

https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2016/04/28/more-tigers-have-been-poached-in-india-this-year-than-all-of-last-year/

And this week, the Wildlife Protection Society of India released its quarterly poaching toll data and revealed that more tigers — 28 — have been killed throughout India in the first quarter of this year than all of last year — 25. Altogether, 58 have died, including from natural causes, infighting among the tigers themselves and killings by people in self-defense. The maximum sentence for poaching in India is three years, though one state, Maharashtra, famously decided it would allow park rangers to shoot poachers on sight without repercussion.